IoT-Implant-Toolkit

IoT-Implant-Toolkit is a framework of useful tools for malware implantation research of IoT devices. It is a toolkit consisted of essential software tools on firmware modification, serial port debugging, software analysis and stable spy clients. With an easy-to-use and extensible shell-like environment, IoT-Implant-Toolkit is a one-stop-shop toolkit simplifies complex procedure of IoT malware implantation.
In our research, we have succcessfully implanted Trojans in eight devices including smart speakers, cameras, driving recorders and mobile translators with IoT-Implant-Toolkit.
A demo video below:

How to use

Installation

Make sure you have git, python3 and setuptools installed.
For audio processing and playing, you should install alsa(built-in in linux), sox and ffplay. On ubuntu18.04:

$ sudo apt install sox ffmpeg 

Download source code from our Github:

$ git clone https://github.com/arthastang/IoT-Implant-Toolkit.git

Set up environment and install dependencies:

$ cd IoT-Implant-Toolkit/
$ python3 setup.py install

Run

Run the toolkit:

$ python3 -B IoT-Implant-Toolkit.py
 _____   _______   _____                 _             _       _______          _ _    _ _   
|_   _| |__   __| |_   _|               | |           | |     |__   __|        | | |  (_) |  
  | |  ___ | |______| |  _ __ ___  _ __ | | __ _ _ __ | |_ ______| | ___   ___ | | | ___| |_ 
  | | / _ | |______| | | '_ ` _ | '_ | |/ _` | '_ | __|______| |/ _  / _ | | |/ / | __|
 _| || (_) | |     _| |_| | | | | | |_) | | (_| | | | | |_       | | (_) | (_) | |   <| | |_ 
|________/|_|    |_____|_| |_| |_| .__/|_|__,_|_| |_|__|      |_|___/ ___/|_|_|__|__|
                                  | |                                                        
                                  |_|                                                        
            
                                 IoT-Implant-Toolkit
            -------------------------------------------------------------
                      A Framework for IoT implantation research.

                                   by Marvel Team

            Command:
            list - List all tools
            run - Run a specific tool
            exit - Exit

                
[Implant-Toolkit]>

Three commands supported：
list: list all plugins
run: run a specific plugin with “run [plugin] [parameters]”
exit: exit

Features

Each software tool acts as a plugin which can be easily added into the framework.
There are more than ten plugins in four categories, including topics on serial port debugging, firmware pack&unpack, software analysis, and implanted spy programs.

List of Plugins

Existing plugins in our framework:

Categories
Tools
Descriptions
Reference

Serial port debugging
pyserial
modem control and terminal emulation program
https://github.com/pyserial/pyserial

Serial port debugging
baudrate.py
find correct baudrate
https://github.com/devttys0/baudrate

Firmware Pack&Unpack
mksquashfs
create and extract Squashfs filesystem
https://github.com/plougher/squashfs-tools

Firmware Pack&Unpack
mkbootimg_tools
Unpack&repack boot.img for Android
https://github.com/xiaolu/mkbootimg_tools

Firmware Pack&Unpack
cramfs
make cramfs filesystem
https://sourceforge.net/projects/cramfs/files/cramfs/1.1/

Firmware Pack&Unpack
mountimg
mount&unmount ext4 filesystems for Android system.img&data.img
On our github

Software Analysis
setools-android
setools for Android with sepolicy-inject
https://github.com/xmikos/setools-android

Software Analysis
crosscomplie
crosscompile toolchain for arm
on our Github later

Software Analysis
odex unpack
Odex to smali for Android
on our Github

Binary implant
spy client&server
a stable spy client and server, source and pre-built bins
on our Github

Binary implant
denoise tool
denoise tool for audio porcess
on our Github

Create new plugins

Code structure:

--IoT-Implant_toolkit.py         #Startup script
--outputs/                       #Default folder of outputs
--toolkit/                       
  |---core/                      
      |---basic/                 #Basic plugin class defination
      |---cli/                   #Shell-like cli defination
      |---toollist/              #Auto updating toollist of plugins 
  |---plugins/                   
      |---firmware/              #Plugins for firmware modification
      |---implant/               #Plugins for generate spy programs
      |---serialport/            #Plugins for serial port debugging
      |---software/              #Plugins for software analysis especially for Android
  |---tools/                     #Other tools

Create [newplugin].py in corresponding folder(category) and define init attributes to add a new plugin to IoT-Implant-Toolkit.The framework will detect new plugin automatically when startup.

Other tools

Hardware tools

Essential hardware tools for malware implantation research.See pictures in HardwareTools/ .

Name
Description

Soldering Iron
Solder tools

Solder Wire
Solder tools

Solder Paste
Solder tools

Solder Wick
Solder tools

Hot Air Gun
Solder tools

Reballing Tool
Reballing tool

usb to ttl
Debug / Console cable

Dupont Wire
Electrical wire

EPROM Burner Programmer
Burner Programmer

Other useful software tools

We have not added more plugins due to time limitation.
Chart below are tools not fits our framework, but may be useful.
We hope that IoT-Implant-Tookit will be an essential toolkit in malware implantation.

Categories
Tools
Descriptions
Reference

Firmware Analysis
binwalk
a fast, easy to use tool for analyzing, reverse engineering, and extracting firmware images
https://github.com/ReFirmLabs/binwalk

Firmware Modify
firmware mod kit
a collection of scripts and utilities to extract and rebuild linux based firmware images
https://github.com/rampageX/firmware-mod-kit

Cross Compiler
buildroot
Cross Compiler for arm mips powerpc
https://buildroot.org/